Chapter 4 A tour of the Cell

Vocabulary:

Nucleoid, plasma membrane, organelle, cytoplasm

 

   1. What is the “cell theory”?
All cells are made of cells

   2. Which type of microscope is used to view living cells?
light microscope
 

   3. Which type  microscope requires the specimen to be held in a vacuum chamber w/ out air or liquid in the cells/tissues?
electron microscope
 

   4. What are the main differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?  Living organisms fall into one of three domains and one of 5 kingdoms (3 in some textbooks) What are the 3 domains and 5 kingdom and a major characteristic of each?
prokaryotes-no nucleus
eukaryotes- nucleus

 

   5. What organelles are present in a eukaryotic cell AND a prokaryotic cell?

 

   6. Explain what the endomembrane system consists of.

   7. How do microtubules and microfilaments differ? what are their functions

 

   8. How do intermediate filaments and microfilaments differ?

 

 

   9. What is the purpose of the cytoskeleton?

 

  10. How do flagella differ from cilia?
  11. What is the function of:

   1. ribosomes
   2. mitochondria
   3. chloroplasts
   4. contractile vacuoles of some protists & central vacuoles of plants
   5. pili
   6. cell wall
   7. nucleoid region
   8. nucleus
   9. nucleolus
  10. smooth ER
  11. RER
  12. Golgi apparatus
  13. Peroxisome
  14. Lysosome
  15. Vacuoles
  16. Gap junctions/communicating junctions
  17. Tight junctions
  18. Desmosomes/anchoring junctions
  19. Plasmodesmata
  20. Cell membrane

 

  12. Which of the cellular organelles are considered to be membranous?

 

  13. What is the relationship of these organelles: RER, Golgi, Ribosomes?

 

  14. Describe the ECM (extra cellular matrix) What is it's purpose? How do the various types of cell junctions differ: tight, gap, anchoring, communicating, plasmodesmata?

 

 

  15. Describe the functions of eukaryotic internal membranes
  16. Describe cytoplasm.  Describe cytosol.  What is the function of each?

 

  16. How is a cell’s size relative to its surface area and why is it important?

 

  17. What is S = F and why is it important to cells also  give an example?