Here is a list: - Item 1 - Item 2 (Short explanation -- interjection -- more explaining) - Item 3 - Sub-Item 1 - Sub-Item 2 I want to convert to this: Here is a list: * Item 1 * Item 2 (Short explanation -- interjection -- more explaining) * Item 3 * Sub-Item 1 * Sub-Item 2 As you can see, I want to keep hyphens that appear in words or sentences, but convert the hyphens that act as list-points into asterisks. 's/(?!\b)-/\*/mg' almost works, but it adds asterisks where I don't want them, e.g.,: * Item 2 (Short explanation ** interjection ** more explaining) WRONG Please help.