IP Addressing schemes and network addresses

- IP addresses are divided into four octets

- Private network

- Private: non-routable

- Class A ranges from 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255

- Class A first octet used for Network ID last 3 octets are used for the host ID

- In Class A 10 in first octet and the range of host ID 0-255 makes it private

- Class B ranges from 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 with the last two octets as the host ID and the first 2 octets for the Network ID            .254

- Class C ranges from 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255 with the last octet as the host ID and the last 1 octet as the Network ID

- When host octets are set to 0 or 255 then Network ID cannot be used for IP address

- When Host octet bits are set as 255 for any class address then the IP Address is a broadcast address (sent to all hosts on network)