each [] is a bit. most significant on left, least significant on right ------- Y -------- ------- X -------- byte2 [--][--][+81][-81] | [-81][+81][--][--] byte1 [+3][-3][-27][+27] | [-27][+27][-3][+3] byte0 [+1][-1][ -9][ +9] | [ -9][ +9][-1][+1]