Hi mbm, I have resolved this problem through totally other means, but, unfortunately, my mind sill not leave the problem I have with the makefile, so I cannot give up on it!! I have been experiencing some intermittent failures with fakeroot (which I have been using in order to create device nodes in a SquashFS filesystem). It appears there is a race condition under certain circumstances between the fakeroot script and the faked daemon which causes the first fakeroot call not to create a fakeroot.env file if one is wanting to do that. This is a known bug in fakeroot. Apparently a workaround to this is to pipe the command into fakeroot. In my case the entire command sequence would be as follows: (I have added this to the 'define Image/mkfs/squashfs' section of include/image.mk) # Use fakeroot to pretend to create all needed device nodes rm -f $(STAGING_DIR)/fakeroot.env echo $(STAGING_DIR)/bin/makedevs \ -d $(TARGET_DEVICE_TABLE) \ $(TARGET_DIR) | \ $(STAGING_DIR)/usr/bin/fakeroot \ -s $(STAGING_DIR)/fakeroot.env # Use fakeroot so mksquashfs believes the previous fakery echo $(STAGING_DIR)/bin/mksquashfs-lzma \ $(BUILD_DIR)/root \ $(KDIR)/root.squashfs \ -nopad -noappend -root-owned $(SQUASHFS_OPTS) | \ $(STAGING_DIR)/usr/bin/fakeroot \ -i $(STAGING_DIR)/fakeroot.env When I run the make V=99, I get the following result: echo "Building squashfs ..." Building squashfs ... mkdir -p /clmirrorcp/hamish/figment/openwrt/vln/build_arm/root/jffs # Use fakeroot to pretend all target binaries are owned by root # Use fakeroot to pretend to create all needed device nodes rm -f /clmirrorcp/hamish/figment/openwrt/vln/staging_dir_arm/fakeroot.env echo /clmirrorcp/hamish/figment/openwrt/vln/staging_dir_arm/bin/makedevs -d /clmirrorcp/hamish/figment/openwrt/vln/target/linux/vlink-2.6/image/device_table.txt /clmirrorcp/hamish/figment/openwrt/vln/build_arm/root | /clmirrorcp/hamish/figment/openwrt/vln/staging_dir_arm/usr/bin/fakeroot -s /clmirrorcp/hamish/figment/openwrt/vln/staging_dir_arm/fakeroot.env /clmirrorcp/hamish/figment/openwrt/vln/include/shell.sh;: -c: line 0: unexpected EOF while looking for matching `'' /clmirrorcp/hamish/figment/openwrt/vln/include/shell.sh;: -c: line 1: syntax error: unexpected end of file make[3]: *** [install] Error 2 I cannot figure out what I am doing wrong! As I say, this is now of academic interest because I found another way of getting arounf this whole fakeroot issue, but I am puzzled as to why I am unable to pipe stuff correctly! Thanks for taking the time to look at this. Hamish