void putint(ucharbuf &p, int n)
{
    if(n<128 && n>-127) p.put(n);
    else if(n<0x8000 && n>=-0x8000) { p.put(0x80); p.put(n); p.put(n>>8); }
    else { p.put(0x81); p.put(n); p.put(n>>8); p.put(n>>16); p.put(n>>24); }
}

int getint(ucharbuf &p)
{
    int c = (char)p.get();
    if(c==-128) { int n = p.get(); n |= char(p.get())<<8; return n; }
    else if(c==-127) { int n = p.get(); n |= p.get()<<8; n |= p.get()<<16; return n|(p.get()<<24); }
    else return c;
}

// much smaller encoding for unsigned integers up to 28 bits, but can handle signed
void putuint(ucharbuf &p, int n)
{
    if(n < 0 || n >= (1<<21))
    {
        p.put(0x80 | (n & 0x7F));
        p.put(0x80 | ((n >> 7) & 0x7F));
        p.put(0x80 | ((n >> 14) & 0x7F));
        p.put(n >> 21);
    }
    else if(n < (1<<7)) p.put(n);
    else if(n < (1<<14))
    {
        p.put(0x80 | (n & 0x7F));
        p.put(n >> 7);
    }
    else
    {
        p.put(0x80 | (n & 0x7F));
        p.put(0x80 | ((n >> 7) & 0x7F));
        p.put(n >> 14);
    }
}

int getuint(ucharbuf &p)
{
    int n = p.get();
    if(n & 0x80)
    {
        n += (p.get() << 7) - 0x80;
        if(n & (1<<14)) n += (p.get() << 14) - (1<<14);
        if(n & (1<<21)) n += (p.get() << 21) - (1<<21);
        if(n & (1<<28)) n |= 0xF0000000;
    }
    return n;
}