I have simple expression that should be true, but is testing for false: if(ZAPexists($args['rules']) == false) return 'rules filter not found'; I'm sure it is true, because when I add just before this line: print_r(ZAPexists($args['rules']));die(); it will print a 1 Also, I double debugged the ZAPexists function thoroughly to make sure it is getting the right input, and the right if line is being returned to give me a true value. This is truly perplexing...