// all network traffic is in 32bit ints, which are then compressed using the following simple scheme (assumes that most values are small).

/*
 * ii[jjkk][llmm]
 * 
 * (ii == -128) => jjkk
 * (ii == -127) => jjkkllmm
 * (ii > -127) => ii
*/
void putint(uchar *&p, int n)
{
    if(n<128 && n>-127) { *p++ = n; }
    else if(n<0x8000 && n>=-0x8000) { *p++ = 0x80; *p++ = n; *p++ = n>>8; }
    else { *p++ = 0x81; *p++ = n; *p++ = n>>8; *p++ = n>>16; *p++ = n>>24; };
};

int getint(uchar *&p)
{
    int c = *((char *)p);
    p++;
    if(c==-128) { int n = *p++; n |= *((char *)p)<<8; p++; return n;}
    else if(c==-127) { int n = *p++; n |= *p++<<8; n |= *p++<<16; return n|(*p++<<24); } 
    else return c;
};

// much smaller encoding for unsigned integers up to 28 bits, but can handle signed

/*
 * i[01234567] j[01234567] k[01234567] l[01234567]
 * 
 * (!i[7])                             => i[0..6] 25*0
 * ( i[7] && !j[7])                    => i[0..6] j[0..6] 18*0
 * ( i[7] &&  j[7] && !k[7])           => i[0..6] j[0..6] k[0..6] 11*0
 * ( i[7] &&  j[7] &&  k[7] && !l[7])  => i[0..6] j[0..6] k[0..6] l[0..6] 4*0
 * ( i[7] &&  j[7] &&  k[7] &&  l[7])  => i[0..6] j[0..6] k[0..6] l[0..6] 4*F
*/
void putuint(uchar *&p, int n)
{
    if(n < 0 || n >= (1<<21))
    {
		// 4 bytes to put
        *p++ = 0x80 | (n & 0x7F);
        *p++ = 0x80 | ((n >> 7) & 0x7F);
        *p++ = 0x80 | ((n >> 14) & 0x7F);
        *p++ = ((n >> 21) & 0xFF);
    }
    else if(n < (1<<7)) *p++ = n; // 1 bytes to put
    else if(n < (1<<14))
    {
		// 2 bytes to put
        *p++ = 0x80 | (n & 0x7F);
        *p++ = n >> 7;
    }
    else 
    { 
		// 3 bytes to put
        *p++ = 0x80 | (n & 0x7F); 
        *p++ = 0x80 | ((n >> 7) & 0x7F);
        *p++ = n >> 14; 
    };
};

int getuint(uchar *&p)
{
    int n = *p++;
    if(n & 0x80)
    {
        n += (*p++ << 7) - 0x80;
        if(n & (1<<14)) n += (*p++ << 14) - (1<<14);
        if(n & (1<<21)) n += (*p++ << 21) - (1<<21);
        if(n & (1<<28)) n |= 0xF0000000; 
    };
    return n;
};