use Data::Dumper;

    use Data::Dumper;

    # simple procedural interface
    print Dumper($foo, $bar);

    # extended usage with names
    print Data::Dumper->Dump([$foo, $bar], [qw(foo *ary)]);

    # configuration variables
    {
      local $Data::Dumper::Purity = 1;
      eval Data::Dumper->Dump([$foo, $bar], [qw(foo *ary)]);
    }

    # OO usage
    $d = Data::Dumper->new([$foo, $bar], [qw(foo *ary)]);
       ...
    print $d->Dump;
       ...
    $d->Purity(1)->Terse(1)->Deepcopy(1);
    eval $d->Dump;

print "The string has lots of characters\n";
    my $name = 'fred';
    substr($name, 4) = 'dy';		# $name is now 'freddy'
    my $null = substr $name, 6, 2;	# returns '' (no warning)
    my $oops = substr $name, 7;		# returns undef, with warning
    substr($name, 7) = 'gap';		# fatal error

An alternative to using substr() as an lvalue is to specify the replacement string as the 4th argument. This allows you to replace parts of the EXPR and return what was there before in one operation, just as you can with splice().

    my $s = "The black cat climbed the green tree";
    my $z = substr $s, 14, 7, "jumped from";	# climbed
    # $s is now "The black cat jumped from the green tree"

Note that the lvalue returned by the 3-arg version of substr() acts as a 'magic bullet'; each time it is assigned to, it remembers which part of the original string is being modified; for example:

    $x = '1234';
    for (substr($x,1,2)) {
        $_ = 'a';   print $x,"\n";	# prints 1a4
        $_ = 'xyz'; print $x,"\n";	# prints 1xyz4
        $x = '56789';
        $_ = 'pq';  print $x,"\n";	# prints 5pq9
    }