Magnetic Compass - A compass, (or mariner compass) is a navigational instrument for finding directions on the Earth

Caravel - A caravel is a small, highly maneuverable, two- or three-masted ship used by the Portuguese and Spanish for long voyages of exploration from the 15th century

Kingdom of Kongo - The Kingdom of Kongo (1400 – 1914) (Kongo: Kongo dya Ntotila or Wene wa Kongo) was an African kingdom located in west central Africa in what are now northern Angola, Cabinda, Republic of the Congo, and the western portion of the Democratic Republic of the Congo

Peninsulares - In the colonial caste system of Spanish America, a peninsular was a Spanish-born Spaniard residing in the New World, as opposed to a person of full Spanish descent born in the Americas (known as criollos)

Francisco Pizarro - Francisco Pizarro González, 1st Marqués de los Atabillos (c 1471 or 1476 – June 26, 1541) was a Spanish conquistador, conqueror of the Inca Empire and founder of Lima, La Ciudad de los Reyes, capital of Peru

Mercantilism- Mercantilism is an economic theory that the prosperity of a nation depends upon its capital, and that the volume of the world economy and international trade is unchangeable

Creole - The term Creole and its cognates in other languages — such as crioulo, criollo, créole, kriolu, criol, kreyol, kriulo, kriol, krio, etc — have been applied to people in different countries and epochs, with rather different meanings

Conquistador- Spanish soldier, explorer, and adventurer who took part in the gradual invasion and conquest of much of the Americas and Asia Pacific, bringing them under Spanish colonial rule between the 15th and 19th centuries

Chattel Slavery - Slavery is a social-economic system under which certain persons — known as slaves — are deprived of personal freedom and compelled to work
Glorious Rebellion - The Glorious Revolution, also called the Revolution of 1688, was the overthrow of King James II of England (VII of Scotland) in 1688 by a union of Parliamentarians and the Dutch stadtholder William III of Orange-Nassau (William of Orange), who as a result ascended the English throne as William III of England

Peter I The great - ruled the Russian Empire from 7 May [OS 27 April] 1682 until his death, jointly ruling before 1696 with his weak and sickly half-brother, Ivan V

Yekaterina (Catherine) II Alekseyevna - reigned as Empress of Russia for 34 years, from June 28, 1762 until her death

Peter the Great - Peter I the Great or Pyotr Alexeyevich Romanov (Russian: Пётр Алексе́евич Рома́нов, Пётр I, Pyotr I, or Пётр Вели́кий, Pyotr Velikiy) (9 June [OS 30 May] 1672–8 February [OS 28 January] 1725)[1] ruled the Russian Empire from 7 May [OS 27 April] 1682 until his death, jointly ruling before 1696 with his weak and sickly half-brother, Ivan V Peter carried out a policy of Westernization and expansion that transformed the Tsardom of Russia into the Russian Empire, a major European power

William of Orange - the name of several historical persons In the context of Irish and British history, it refers most often to William III of England; in the context of Dutch history, it is usually in reference to William the Silent Those men who may be referred to as William of Orange may be grouped together as shown in this article

William of Orange - the name of several historical persons In the context of Irish and British history, it refers most often to William III of England; in the context of Dutch history, it is usually in reference to William the Silent Those men who may be referred to as William of Orange may be grouped together as shown in this article

Reformation - a movement in Europe that began with Martin Luther's activities in 1517, with roots further back in time